Torch.



E. J. HORN &'F. LINDHORST.

TORCH.

APPLICATION FILED JuLY 20. 191s.

Patent-ed Dec. 17, 1918.

gnaw/MM M r irEn -sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD J. HORN, OF ROYAL OAK, AND FREDERICK LINDHORST, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNORS, TO DETROIT TORCH & MANUFACTURING 00., OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

TORCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWARD J. HORN and FREDERICK LINDHoRs'r, citizens of the United States, residing at Royal Oak, county of Oakland, and Detroit, count of Wayne, State of Michigan, respective y, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Torches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to blow torches and has for its object a blow torch in which the burner is arranged to cause combustion to take place a considerable way back in the burner and in which the fuel vein is partially located in this combustion chamber so as'to efiiciently preheat the fuel. The common fault with blow torches to-day is that in a cold wind a great many of them are so chilled that they go out or their operation is made unsteady due to the cold air striking the burner and affecting the fuel.

Another object of our improved burner is to accelerate the flow of the mixingand burning gases so as to make a longer and more intense flame without diminishing materially the size of the flame. This is accomplished b reason of the particularlocation of the a1r orts and the shaping of the burner. The ocation of the ports and the shaping of the burner has been understandingly selected with this object in view. The structure and functions-alluded to will more fully appear in the detailed description following.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is an elevation of the blow torch. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the burner.

Fig. 3 is a section of the burner on the line 33 of Fig. 2.

Inasmuch as the pump a, the reservoir 6,

- the priming trough c and the burner stem (Z are no part of the invention and belong to n the prior art, no further description is necessary.

. The burneris in the form of a casting comprising a barrel made up oftwo cylindrical sections 6 and fconnecte by a frusto-conical section 9. To the bottom of this barrel is integrally connected a screw-threaded neck It that screws onto the-top of the burner stem d. Notice that a vein '7; leads from the interior of this neck to the rear of the burner barrel, where a cross passage 3' connects the vein and leads into a valve chamber 70. Both the vein and the cross passageare made by boring and the holes where the tool entered are plugged by screw plugs. The valve chamber contains the usual needle valve m, which guards an orifice through which the fuel is projected into the burner barrel.

Burner barrels ofthe cylindrical type are old, and these are perforated for the admission of air into the burner barrel, but so far as we are aware, no really intelligent location of these air orifices'have been made with the objects in view that we are now about to describe. It has been recognized that it is advantageous to preheat the fuel Patented Dec. 17; 1918. I

taken from the reservoir so as to promote combustion, and various ways of accomplishing this have been proposed. In the ordinary burner the air orifices are so located and of such capacity that combustion, only takes place at the very forward end of the burner. Consequently the rear of the burner;

does not get nearly as hot as it does inthe arrangement that we are about to describe.

We have located an annular row of holes n at the forward end of the frusto-conical section, and from this row of holes to near the extreme rear of such frust-o-conical section there are no air orifices. The first row of I not supply air to support combustion; 'in fact, it is not intended forv that purpose."

These holes serve the same purpose that they do in most burners. They allow a certain amount of flame to project throughthe sides of the burner so as to tend to heat the walls of the burner; The air to support combustion practically all comes through the holes in the rows 0, p, g, at the rear of the burner. These are solocated that, roughly speaking, the mixing chamber lies the barrel between the front row' of holes nand the row of holes 0 serves to bring the ioo largely in the rear cylindrical section and to some extent in the rear part of the frusto-' 5 chamber. The large unperforated extent of combustion zone very far back to the rear of the burner, and the flame reaches far back into the rear of the burner to get the necessary oxygen to support the combustion. This insures a portion of the combustion chamber overlyin 'the vein 2' and conseuently very high y heating the vein 2' and t e fuel contained in it.

To bring the vein i into closer proximity with the heat than has heretofore been the practice and more particularly to enhance the vein area exposed to the heat, the vein is formed directly in the wall of the barrel. and

a rib 1' projects directly into the barrel of the burner'and through this rib the passageway of the vein is bored. Obviously wlth this rib projecting into the barrel the heated gases communicate a great deal more heat to the vein than the would with the vein merely subtended rom the barrel, for the heated gases in this construction encompass substantially one-half the circumference of' the vein, whereas with the vein merely subtended the heatedgases are only in contact with a small zone directly over .the vein.

From the above explanation it is evident that two causes contribute to the high heating of the fuel passing through the vein,-

namely, the location of the air orifices to bring the combustion chamber over the vein, and in the second. place, the adoption of an inwardly projecting rib with a passa e-way through it as a vein to bring the e-ated gases substantially on three sides of the vein."

This results in a burner which can stand a ver cold wind without blowing out. and which under severe conditions will maintain a steady flame due to this eflicient arrangement for the preheating of the fuel.

Of course, we are aware that there are limitless ways of preheating fuel in burners of all classes, but blow torches have taken on certain characteristic appearances and there are certain standard lines of construc tion that must be followed to make an economical and salable blow torch. object of this invention to secure these objects in a way that they have never before been accomplished and yet use the same general construction which is familiar in connection with blow torches.

It is the eration of any fluid that is being projected through the passage-way under pressure. ()f course, in order to secure these results the passage-way must not have any eduction ports, for obviously these will tend to slow .up the speed of the gases. The majority of the blow torches now are perforated all along the barrel and consequently even by tapering barrels of this character, this ad- "be to make the flame constrict itself to a point, which is not desirable and suitable in the average blow torch. We find that by using a non-perforated frusto-conical section and combining it with a forward 0 lindrical section, we get the desired a eration with its increased intensity of heat and at the same time get the column eflect to the projecting flame which is necessary for a blow torch of this character.

What we claim is 1. In a blow torch, a burner formed into a barrel, a neck, a valve chamber, a vein passing through and under the barrel wall to the valve c iamber, the said barrel being made up of a pair of cylindrical sections connected by a frusto-conical. section with holes near the juncture of the front cylindrical section and frusto-conical section and holes adjacent the rear of the frusto-conical section and in the rear cylindrical section.

2. In a blow torch, a burner stem and a burner comprising a casting forming a burner barrel made up of two cylindrical j sections connected by a frusto-conical section with holes located adjacent the juncture of the front cylindrical section and the frustoconical section and holes in the rear portions of the barrel, a rib cast .in the bottom and interior of the barrel, the casting being formed into a valve chamber at the rear of the barrel and into a neck for fitting onto the burner stem and a passage-way bein provided through the neck through the rib and to the valve chamber. 1

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands on the 16th day of July, 1918.

EDWARD J. HORN. FREDERICK LINDHOR-ST. 

